Nando Harmsen

Forget composition rules. Trust your feelings more.

Monday 6 July 2026, 22:44 by | 1,766 views | 22 comments

This article was translated from Dutch with the help of AI. Read the original.

There are many composition rules. They are meant to make composing an attractive photo easier. Often, the opposite happens. They actually make it much more difficult. Trust your feelings more, that often works better.

You know them. Rule of thirds, Fibonacci, the golden ratio, diagonal method, golden triangle, rule of unequal parts, Gestalt theory and junta position. They can all help you make a photo.

Nando view of Hverir


All those rules suggest that you have to follow them. Which one will you use? What should you choose? How do you apply the rule? It does not make things any easier. If you are not careful, you can become desperate.

Photography should be an enjoyable process. Not a desperate or even frustrating process. If you focus too much on the rules, you lose the essence of creating an image. It is better to forget the rules.

By letting go of the rules, you are no longer restricted by what you supposedly 'have to' do. You can trust your feelings. Look at how the subject and the elements of the image appear in the frame. Distribute them across the image area.

Nando Hverir


Above all, make sure there is nothing in the frame that disturbs or distracts. When everything feels right, it is good. Take the photo. Do not worry about any composition rules. There is always one that applies to your photo.

By letting go, you are truly creating an image again. Photography can be guided by feeling. It should not be restricted by self-imposed limitations. Let go and enjoy it.

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Nando Harmsen

About the author

Nando Harmsen has been photographing for more than 40 years. He specialises in wedding photography and landscape photography. Nando also gives talks, workshops, masterclasses and photo trips, and regularly reviews new and interesting equipment.

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22 comments

  1. Dirk Eduard
    Dirk Eduard wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 11:16  | reply

    Hi Nando, I have always been annoyed by those photographic composition rules. I have always been trained in feeling and image from a painting and decoration perspective. From the moment I started taking an interest in photography and reading about it, I was amazed by the composition rules . It may possibly help at the start, but I think it is something you should replace as quickly as possible with: "What appeals to me and what doesn't" Adding "Feeling" is nice, however it is not easy to put that into practice. Even now you are influenced again when editing photos. It is full of too many edited basic photos and contrived ones that also turn out to be prize-winning.
    So on to : What do I find beautiful, exciting, and right : "My image, speaking and exactly as I want it " and forget everything that according to the " Experts" should be done .

    Dick Eduard

    Translated from Dutch.
  2. Nando
    Profile Nando wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 16:21  | reply

    It is a process you have to go through. You can't master composition from one day to the next. Whether you learn the rules or ignore them, it doesn't matter.
    But looking at created images and discovering why something works or doesn't, is very educational. The rules that exist (originally from painting, then photography) can help with that.
    Composition just isn't something that can be quantified. No matter how much people try, especially in photography.

    Translated from Dutch.
  3. Govaerts
    Govaerts wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 12:19  | reply

    You can indeed (just) rely on feeling when determining the composition of your photo, but ultimately, when you later look at and analyze the photo, you will find that a certain compositional rule was in fact respected. The reverse is also true; if you are not satisfied with your photo afterwards, you will discover that a compositional rule was not respected

    Translated from Dutch.
  4. Nando
    Profile Nando wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 16:21  | reply

    Exactly that.

    Translated from Dutch.
  5. Peter van Peve Visuals
    Peter van Peve Visuals wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 14:44  | reply

    The problem is that most photographers do NOT know the standards. Gestalt? Not at all. FIAP? Is that a car brand?

    Or as my late father taught me more than 40 years ago: you can deviate from the rules once you have mastered them perfectly and you know why. Not because you don't know them...

    Translated from Dutch.
  6. Nando
    Profile Nando wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 16:23  | reply

    Exactly. If you don't know the rules, you can never determine whether you're following them, or deviating from them.

    Translated from Dutch.
  7. Donald Willemsen
    Donald Willemsen wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 15:20  | reply

    Nando, no matter how you look at it, you almost automatically apply some kind of composition rule.
    Photographing by feel is highly subjective. If my feeling tells me to take a photo in a certain way, then your feeling tells you that photo isn't good.
    If I take a photo with 4 trees in it, you will say that I should have taken a photo with 3 trees in it instead, because you will say: an odd number works better for a viewer.
    What about my feeling then? Maybe the landscape is such that 4 trees can work, or the landscape is such that to take a beautiful photo of it you cannot avoid including 4 trees in the frame. The viewer isn't there after all and doesn't see what falls outside the frame.
    The same goes for choosing a viewpoint. Comments like: you should have chosen a higher viewpoint, or you could have taken a better photo from that boulder. Try doing that when you're in a wheelchair.
    A viewer doesn't know under what circumstances a photo is or was taken. Whether you use rules or, as you say: just take a photo by feel. The latter is without question a subjective choice, whether or not taking into account the circumstances on location and the photographer's possibilities.

    Translated from Dutch.
  8. Nando
    Profile Nando wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 16:25  | reply

    You can't use the wheelchair as an excuse for not choosing a good composition. That boulder may not work then, but it's your task to capture it from a different angle and perspective. If four trees works then, it works. I never said it HAS to be three. I'm only saying that in many cases it CAN work better.

    Translated from Dutch.
  9. paul
    paul wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 16:18  | reply

    Nice idea, those rules, but I've always just worked by feel, because I didn't know the rules. Still, I have a lot of prints that are worth looking at.....

    Translated from Dutch.
  10. Nando
    Profile Nando wrote on Wednesday 8 July 2026 at 09:36  | reply

    That must be wonderful, to photograph so carefree. vrolijk

    Translated from Dutch.
  11. Donald Willemsen
    Donald Willemsen wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 18:18  | reply

    I did not bring up the wheelchair as an excuse for a composition. You are making that of it. I bring it up as a limiting factor compared to a photographer who can go wherever he/she wants.
    An example: The Opal Coast. If you want to take photos of the chalk cliffs, I notice that the most impressive photos have been taken from a beach. Unfortunately, those beaches are 99% only accessible on foot. You yourself already indicated that the workshop you gave on the Opal Coast is not suitable for wheelchair users.
    That also means that it becomes difficult to make beautiful compositions because the desired viewpoint is not accessible. Of course, that does not mean that there are not plenty of other beautiful photos to take. However, you do not come home with the photos you would like to take.
    A wheelchair is therefore not an excuse for an inferior composition, but a limiting factor.
    But understand me correctly. I am not blaming you for anything. I am only trying to make it clear that there can be limiting factors that sometimes make an ideal composition impossible. One photographer has to deal with them more than another.
    It is so easy to say: taking one step to the left or right, or choosing a higher or lower viewpoint, would have been a better choice. Because I do not know the circumstances, I will never make comments like that.
    Finally Nando, I am trying to make people think. That there are also people with disabilities who take photographs. That they would also like to attend a workshop sometime, but always run into accessibility issues. Many people simply do not think about it. It is my goal to make everyone aware of this. Nando, I really appreciate you enormously. As a photographer, as a course instructor, but also as a person. Do not see my comments as a personal attack, but as a discussion in which you can and may have differing opinions. You also make me think. Important too, right?

    But something else for a moment.
    Regarding making a composition, I notice that a great many photographers put the main subject in the center. To me, that is often boring. Look, that is where feeling comes into play. Feeling is subjective by definition. I find it much more exciting when the main subject is NOT in the center. Somewhere else in the image instead. That means that the viewer has to look for the main subject, which is nevertheless clearly present. Meanwhile, the viewer's eye has moved through the entire photo. There you have another one of those rules: use the lines in the image to lead the viewer through the image to the main subject.

    Translated from Dutch.
  12. Dirk Eduard
    Dirk Eduard wrote on Tuesday 7 July 2026 at 20:35  | reply

    Hi Nando, quite a daring subject . As far as I'm concerned I think that the concept "Feeling" relates to "Creativity" and that certainly deserves extra attention in photography and indeed cannot be quantified and luckily that's just as well.
    Regards Dick

    Translated from Dutch.
  13. Nando
    Profile Nando wrote on Wednesday 8 July 2026 at 09:35  | reply

    Rules provide guidance. It can indeed be daring to let go. Then you indeed have to trust your creativity.
    A good point, Dick. Thank you.

    Translated from Dutch.
  14. Govaerts
    Govaerts wrote on Wednesday 8 July 2026 at 13:31  | reply

    After all these views on composition theory, I would still like to formulate a mere thought: before I have taken a photo, I have visited the location and already formed some idea of how and when I am going to take this photo. Then I come back and when all the requirements I have set for myself have been fulfilled, I take the photo. Hence perhaps why I take so few photos. Is this perhaps not equivalent to the mindset of the photographer who works more on intuition and normally also takes many more photos than I do?

    Translated from Dutch.
  15. Jeannet
    Jeannet wrote on Wednesday 8 July 2026 at 17:35  | reply

    I’m opposed to those rules, they hinder your spontaneity in photography. Who decides whether a photo is successful or not? Surely that’s the viewer, and that’s yourself. Even the very best photographers, rightly, don’t follow the rules. A photo has to hold someone’s attention.

    Translated from Dutch.
  16. Nando
    Profile Nando wrote on Wednesday 8 July 2026 at 20:44  | reply

    That is quite a claim, that the very best photographers would not adhere to composition rules.
    Can you tell me where you got that info from?

    A photo should indeed hold the viewer's attention. Those rules help with that. But those rules are not all-important.

    Translated from Dutch.
  17. Jeannet
    Jeannet wrote on Thursday 9 July 2026 at 00:23  | reply

    Robert Frank/Robert Capa/Henri Cartier Besson (Behind the Gare S/L)/William Klein/ Bruce Gilden....do you want more names? I just want to point out that composition rules certainly don't apply to everyone, nor to me. That you can also hold attention for your photo in other ways.

    Translated from Dutch.
  18. Nando
    Profile Nando wrote on Thursday 9 July 2026 at 09:12  | reply

    You mention names, but not where it is said that they do not follow composition rules. I am seriously interested in where you read that.
    But you got one thing wrong. Composition rules are for everyone. I have studied them enough to know that. But you only have the choice not to use them (consciously); that is what you do, then.

    Translated from Dutch.
  19. Jeannet
    Jeannet wrote on Thursday 9 July 2026 at 10:43  | reply

    I like looking at photos and photobooks, but also online. As soon as I hear a name, I often Google it. So for example Robert Frank with his series The Americans, an attack on the composition rules that applied at the time, he didn't want that and consciously chose a different path. Wonderful photos to look at, straight from life. But you undoubtedly know those already.

    https://davidcampany.com/robert-frank-the-instantaneous-reaction-to-oneself/

    And furthermore you are right, although I also sometimes think that with some people, using or not using comp.rules happens unthinkingly and naturally. It happens by itself, so to speak.

    Translated from Dutch.
  20. Nando
    Profile Nando wrote on Thursday 9 July 2026 at 11:08  | reply

    Thank you for your explanation. I will definitely take a look at this.
    I think that ultimately we hold the same opinion. That is also what this article is about (and my newest book too vrolijk )

    Translated from Dutch.
  21. Donald Willemsen
    Donald Willemsen wrote on Thursday 9 July 2026 at 11:48  | reply

    Jeannet, you refer to a site and when I look at the photos in that book, I find that compositional rules are clearly recognizable. So don't say that the photographer doesn't use compositional rules, consciously or unconsciously.

    Translated from Dutch.
  22. Jeannet
    Jeannet wrote on Thursday 9 July 2026 at 13:42  | reply

    Yes, he was not aware of that. Did you read the text too? In many photos, he did not follow the "prevailing" rules at the time, and deliberately. It is actually very nice to follow and examine this subject seriously for a while. Gives food for thought. Maybe Gemini can also give us some examples.

    Translated from Dutch.

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